课程信息:
年 级 | 学 科 | 英语 | 版 本 | 人教实验版 | |
内容标题 | 必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes |
知识精讲:
(一)重点单词:
1. burst
(1) vi.破裂,爆炸
例:
Water-pipes often burst in cold weather.
水管在寒冷的天气里经常爆裂。
(2)vt.突破,冲撞
例:
They burst the door open.
他们把门撞开了。
(3)n.某事的突然爆发
a burst of ... 一阵……
例:
a burst of laughter /anger /applause
一阵笑声/怒火 /掌声
知识拓展:
burst into + n. = burst out + v.-ing 突然做某事
例:
burst into laughter/tears =burst out laughing/ crying
突然大笑/大哭
典型例题:
One minute she burst into _____ and the next burst out _____- We just couldn’t catch her mood at any moment.
A. crying, laughter B. tears, laughing
C. tears, laughter D. crying, laughing
答案:B
2. ruin
(1) n. 毁灭,崩溃,废墟,遗迹
例:
The war brought ruin to the country.
战争给国家带来了毁灭。
常构成短语:
in ruins 破败不堪;成为废墟
例:
The earthquake left the whole town in ruins.
那次地震过后,全城到处是一片废墟。
(2)v. 毁坏,使破产
例:
I was ruined by that law case.
我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。
It poured with rain and my dress was ruined.
大雨倾盆,我的连衣裙已被淋得不成样子了。
典型例题:
“After World War II, many of the cities across western European countries ________,” our guide said.
A. lied in ruin B. lied in ruins C. lay in ruins D. lying in ruins
答案:C
3. injure v. 损害,伤害
例:
Smoking will injure your health
吸烟会损害你的健康。
知识拓展:
injury n.
injured adj. 受伤的;受损坏的
the injured 受伤的人;伤员
辨析:injure; hurt; wound
※hurt使受伤;使疼痛;伤害;使伤心。一般用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上的伤害,还可用作vi.动词,意为“疼痛、惹起痛苦”。
例:
What he said hurt me deeply.他说的话使我非常伤心。
It hurts when I move my leg.我的腿一动就疼。
※wound指外伤,如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤,尤指在战争中,战斗中受伤。
例:
He got wounded in the fighting.他在战斗中受了伤。
※injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤。
例:
He was badly injured in the accident.他在这次事故中受了重伤.
典型例题:
They tried to prevent their cows from ____.
A. injury B. injuring C. being injured D. hurting
答案:C
4. shock
(1) n. 震惊,打击,休克
例:
They will get a shock when they get this bill.
他们收到这份账单时一定会大吃一惊。
The news of his mother’s death was a terrible shock to him.
他母亲去世的消息使他非常震惊。
知识拓展:
in shock处于休克状态
(2) v. (使)震惊,震动
常构成短语:
be shocked at sth. 因……而感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 对做某事感到震惊
It shocks sb. to do sth. ……使某人震惊
例:
He was shocked by what you said.他对你说的话感到震惊。
He was shocked to know his son playing all day. 知道他的儿子整天玩耍他大为震惊。
It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children.
看到邻居们如此对待他们的孩子,使我十分震惊。
典型例题:
All of the people present felt ____ at the ____ news.
A. shocked; shocking B. shocking; shocked
C. shocking; shocking D. shocked; shocked
答案:A
5. rescue vt.&n. 营救,援救
常构成短语:
come to one’s rescue前来营救某人
rescue …from 把……从……营救/解救出来
例:
They rescued him from danger
他们把他从危险中解救出来。
The rescue team made ten rescues in a week.
救援队一个星期之内进行了10次救援。
6.bury v. 埋葬;隐藏;使沉浸(或专心于)
例:
She buried her face in her hands and wept.
她双手掩面哭了起来。
知识拓展:
be buried in sth. / bury oneself in sth. 埋头于或专心致志于某事
例:
In the evenings he buries himself in his books.
每天晚上他都埋头读书。
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