年 级 | 高一 | 学 科 | 英语 | 版 本 | 北师大版 |
内容标题 | 寒假专题�� Listening Strategies | ||||
编稿老师 | 王普 | ||||
【本讲教育信息】 一 寒假专题�� 二 1 2 【听力策略讲解和练习】 1. Prediction
◆Before you listen, read the questions carefully.
◆ ◆ ★What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. They are classmates B. They are teacher and student. C. They are strangers. 听力原文： W: Hi, Mike. You look tired. M: I worked all night and still haven”t finished my homework. W: You worked all night? It took me only thirty minutes. 2. Getting prepared for listening
◆Before listening, make sure you understand the task.
◆ ◆ ★Why did the woman say the man was lucky? A. Because he didn”t need to finish the experiment B. Because he didn”t attend the boring and long lecture. C. Because the lecture was difficult to understand. 听力原文： M: I didn”t go to professor Wood”s lecture because I had to finish my experiment. What did you think of it? W: Well, it was boring and much longer than I had expected. So you were lucky. 3. Understanding the general idea
◆Don”t worry if you can”t understand everything.
◆ ◆ ◆ ★Why does the woman ride all the way to the office? A. Because it”s good for her health B. Because she wants to save money C. Because the bus service has been stopped 听力原文： M: Hi, Susan. You look stronger. W: I have been going to the office by bike all these weeks. M: Really? I guess you get up earlier every day. W: Yes, it takes more time to get the office. But I am used to it and feel energetic when I work. 4. Listening for understanding
◆Before listening, read the questions.
◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ★What will they do tonight? A. Play cards at home B. Go to see the movie C. Watch TV at home 听力原文： M: What shall we do tonight, Jo? Watch TV or go to the movies? Let me look at the newspaper. Movie programs are usually on page8. M: Here it is .Gone with the wind starts at 7:30 this evening. W: It”s said to be interesting. M: OK, let”s do it. 5. Self?assessment
◆After listening, it is useful to think about how difficult the exercises were for you.
◆ ◆ ★What will the man probably do on his way home? A. Show the woman how to finish the report B. Help the woman with the paper. C. Return the books to the woman 听力原文： M: Mary, have you finished your paper? W: Yes, I have worked on it for three weeks and read many reference books. Oh, Tom, could you do me a favor? I need someone to return these books to Peter M: No problem. I will visit him on my way home. 6. Listening for specific information
◆Before you listen, read the questions. Try to guess possible answers. Make sure you know what
you have to do, e.g. complete a table, fill in the blank.
◆ ◆ ◆ ★What is man”s office phone number? A.64649326 ★How many people will attend the dinner except the man and his wife? A. Four ★When does the man have to work? A. On Monday 听力原文： W: Good afternoon. Flower Restaurant. M: Good afternoon. I”d like to book a table, please. W: Certainly, sir. Your name, Please ? M: Patrick White . W: And your phone number please, Mr. White? M: My office number is 63322646, and my home number is 64649326. W: And how many people will be attending? M: There will be six people, plus my wife and myself. Eight in all. W: OK, and would you like a private room or is the general restaurant suitable? M: Does the private room have a KTV? W: No, it doesn”t M: That” s OK. I”ll have a private room then, please. W: And would you like to book some wine with your meal? M: Yes, but let me see now. White wine is my favorite and I know most people like red wine. Now put me down for two bottles of red and one bottle of white wine. W: OK. And when would you like the table for? M: Friday is fully booked. How about the day after? M: That”ll be fine. But it can”t be Sunday because I have to work the next day. 7. Preparation
◆Before you listen, always look for clues that will help you understand what you are going to listen to.
◆ ◆ 8. Focus on situations
◆When you listen to dialogues, think about where they take place
◆ ◆ ★What illness does the man suffer from? A. A bad cold ★What caused the man”s illness? A. Tiredness ★Why does the man seldom do exercise? A. He doesn”t have time B. He doesn”t like playing sports C. He doesn”t realize the importance of exercise. 听力原文： W: Good morning. M: Good morning, doctor. I have a bad cough and a fever. I feel very tired and can”t sleep well at night. W: And how long have you been like this? M: Two days. W: Let me have a look. Now, open your mouth wide and say” A…hhh” M: A…hhh W: Now take your shirt off please. Breathe in ? breathe out. OK, you can put your shirt back on now. M: What seems to be the problem? Have I got SARS or lung cancer? W: Oh, no. Don”t be so nervous. You just have a bad cold. Where do you work? M: I work in an office, with air conditioners. W: I think that may be the cause. It”s really not very good for your health. M: So what should I do? W: I advise you to go out of the office now and then. Walk around, and get some fresh air. That will help .You also need to do more exercise. Do you play any sports? M: I sometimes do. But to be honest, I”m too busy to get regular exercise. W: Then you be healthier. M: OK, no problem! Thank you, doctor. Goodbye. W: Bye. 9. Identifying style
◆Informal style is more direct. Listen for contractions and colloquial or slang expressions.
◆ 10. Identifying opinions
◆Before you listen, try to imagine the people and what kind of things they might say.
◆ ◆ ★What is the woman doing in America? A. She”s studying B. She is teaching C. She is traveling ★What does the woman think of the discussions in class? A. They are different from those in China B. They are difficult C. They are useful. ★Why does the woman thank the man? A. He has introduced some teaching methods B. He has invited her to travel with him C. He has given her some advice. 听力原文： M: Hi ,Wang Ling. How are your studies going in the United States? W: Well, exciting, but sometimes I find them very difficult. Most of the other students can understand the lectures easily, but I have to listen carefully and take lots of notes. M: Yes, I know what you mean. Have you considered recording the lectures? W M: Oh, it”s no problem. You just have to ask for the speaker”s permission. W: Oh, that”s a good idea. And I haven”t got used to the teaching method. We are often asked to have discussions. You know we seldom did this in China. It”s so difficult. M: Well, maybe it”s difficult at the beginning, but having discussions is a good way of learning. The other students have different opinions and you can learn much from them. So during a discussion, listen carefully. If there”s something you don”t understand, you can raise questions. W: I see. M: Anyway, don”t always worry about your studies. You can go to some places in the city to relax. W: That sounds good. I”m so glad to have a friend like you in America. Thank you very much. 11. Preparing your own questions ◆ ◆ ★What is the possible relationship between two speakers? A. classmates B. wife and husband C. teacher and student . ★What are they talking about? A. How to study better B. How to find a part-time job C. Finding jobs ★What do we know about the man? A. He hasn”t decided what to do B. He will set up his own business C. He prefers living a peaceful life 听力原文： W: It”s difficult to find a suitable job this year, so I have great pressure. M: Now college graduates are being encouraged to start their own business. It sounds as if it will be really good for which will be helpful to our future jobs. We also have the opportunity to get to know about society and ourselves better. W: Yes, but it is not as easy as you think. There are a lot of problems. The main difficulty is money. And our education doesn”t provide enough knowledge on how to do it well. M: Maybe you are right. But our government allows college graduates to borrow money from banks and maybe some can get money from their parents. W: But you have to pay back the money sooner or later. So some college graduates, even though job-hunting is very competitive, prefer to live a peaceful life rather than start their own business. M: Oh, they don”t have dreams. But I have made up my mind. How about you? W: Well, I always take time to consider before making a decision. 12. Answering multiple?choice questions
◆Before you listen, read the questions and options.
◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ 13. Matching people and opinions
◆Underline the “topic” words or expressions in each opinion. Then circle the important opinion words.
◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ★Where did the hurricane happen? A. Austria ★What was turned over by the hurricane? A. ship ★How many people lost their homes in the hurricane? A. Thousands of people B. Millions of people. C. Hundreds of people 听力原文： On March 20,2006, a hurricane called Larry hit the northeastern coast of Queensland, Australia. The hurricane caused a total loss of more than three hundred million Australian dollars and badly damaged many banana trees. The hurricane was reported to be the worst and most powerful hurricane that had ever hit the area, with a speed of up to 290 Km/h. The wind was so strong that the electricity supply was cut off and even a plane was turned over. Thousands of people were homeless and out of work.. 【听力策略辅导材料】 （一）透析高考听力特点 自从高考英语加试听力以来，它在整个试卷中占有举足轻重的地位。听力所占分值较高（ 一、听力试题特点 1. 2. 二、高考要求 1. What”s the passage mainly about? What”s the topic of the passage? What are the two speakers doing? What are the two speakers talking about? What is the dialogue/conversation about? 2. Where is the woman going? How does the man pay for the tickets? What”s wrong with the girl? When does the woman plan to arrive? What”s the man”s house number? How many hours does Tom sleep a day? Why does the man thank the woman? Which of the following is true? 3. Where does this conversation take place? Where is the woman speaking? Where did the conversation most likely happen? When does the dialogue take place? Who do you think the woman probably is? What”s the probable relationship between the speakers? 4. What can we learn from the conversation/speakers? What can we know /learn about the woman? What does the man mean? What does the speakers want to tell us? What is the probable result of the conversation? What”s the woman”s opinion about the man”s dress? How does the woman think about the man”s way of working? Which of the following words best describes the day the speaker had? 三、听力应试技巧与策略 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. （二） Language learning depends on listening. Listening provides the aural input that serves as the basis for language acquisition and enables learners to interact in spoken communication. Effective language instructors show students how they can adjust their listening behavior to deal with a variety of situations, types of input, and listening purposes. They help students develop a set of listening strategies and match appropriate strategies to each listening situation. Listening Strategies Listening strategies are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension and recall of listening input. Listening strategies can be classified by how the listener processes the input. Top-down strategies are listener based; the listener taps into background knowledge of the topic, the situation or context, the type of text, and the language. This background knowledge activates a set of expectations that help the listener to interpret what is heard and anticipate what will come next. Top-down strategies include listening for the main idea 1. predicting 2. drawing inferences 3. summarizing Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in the message, that is, the combination of sounds, words, and grammar that creates meaning. Bottom-up strategies include listening for specific details 1. recognizing cognates 2. recognizing word-order patterns 3. Strategic listeners also use metacognitive strategies to plan, monitor, and evaluate their listening. They plan by deciding which listening strategies will serve best in a particular situation. They monitor their comprehension and the effectiveness of the selected strategies. They evaluate by determining whether they have achieved their listening comprehension goals and whether the combination of listening strategies selected was an effective one. Listening for Meaning To extract meaning from a listening text, students need to follow four basic steps: 1. Figure out the purpose for listening. Activate background knowledge of the topic in order to predict or anticipate content and identify appropriate listening strategies. 2. Attend to the parts of the listening input that are relevant to the identified purpose and ignore the rest. This selectivity enables students to focus on specific items in the input and reduces the amount of information they have to hold in short-term memory in order to recognize it. 3. Select top-down and bottom-up strategies that are appropriate to the listening task and use them flexibly and interactively. Students” comprehension improves and their confidence increases when they use top-down and bottom-up strategies simultaneously to construct meaning. 4. Check comprehension while listening and when the listening task is over. Monitoring comprehension helps students detect inconsistencies and comprehension failures, directing them to use alternate strategies. （三） � ? Focus your mind on what the speaker is saying. ? Wait until the speaker is done before adding your thoughts. ? Listen and absorb everything being said. Wait to respond until you”ve heard the entire message. � ? Ask questions to help clarify the concept or subject. ? Smiling or nodding your head while someone speaks lets them know you”re listening and comprehending.
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